If you want to learn Japanese, you have to face Kanji
Japanese is one of the most difficult language for native English speakers to learn. But you don’t have to worry. Janji is also too troublesome for Japanese too because only about half of people can score well on Kanji exam in class.
There is a test called a “Kanji Aptitude Test(日本漢字能力検定)”. If you pass the 4th level of it, you will be able too read 1,339 Kanji characters which is more than half the level of an average Japanese junior high school student.
On this page, I will explain the rules for reading about Kanji so that you can understand them more deeply. Oh, I’ve on purpose introduced most difficult example I think, so please don’t hate Kanji after reading this article. Okay?
Kanji Aptitude Test(日本漢字能力検定)
Data on ratio pass examinee(2024) is “here“
Kanji has some sound “音読み” and “訓読み”
Kanji is Chinese character used by Japanese and Chinese characters originated in China at least over B.C. 1,000. It is thought to brought form China around 4th century, but it appears that Chinise haracters were in use at least as early as the 1st century in Japan.
Using Chinese characters for Japanese words. At that time, the Japanese people thought like this. Or way of saying this is that they made a mistake.
Let’s mix Chinise and Japanese readings into one character!
Oh! it’s good idea!
It is truly a mistake from the perspective the modern generation people have struggling with Kanji. Because of them, Japanese Kanji characters become to have multiple sound. There are On-Yomi(音読み) and Kun-yomi(訓読み).
・音読み
Read like a Chinese sound.
Water‘s sound = 水(すい = Sui).
・訓読み
Read like a Japanese sound.
Water‘s sound = 水(みず = Mizu).
On-yomi is pronunciation of Chinese origin sound. Kun-yomi is pronunciation of Japanese origin sound. Didn’t you feel “it sounds Chinese” when you see On-yomi?
If you not sure of detail of On-yomi, you can interpret it as a “Katakana-English(カタカナ英語)”. What water is to you, it is to us “Wor-tah“.
埼玉県、さきたま史跡の博物館(Museum of the Sakitama ancient Burial Mounds)
Some examples of early use of Kanji in Japan is “here“
You will be able to read “生” after read this paragraph
Let’s see that one Kanji character have many sounds and can be controlled by how you use it so take the “生“ as instance. The image that comes to y mind personally is “Life“. But it has meaning “Born“ and “Law“ and “grow“ and etcetera.
・On-yomi
SEI or SHOU
・Kun-yomi
NAMA
Kanji is not only has multiple sound, but also has multiple meaning through join another Kanji.. This fact can be a headache for Kanji learners, but just like English, it become easier once you grasp the core image of the word. It is written usage examples so you can get an idea of what it is like.
・On-yomi
学生(がく-せい) = school-life
Student.
野生(や-せい) = field-life
Wildlife and the like.
生活(せい-かつ) = life-living
Living or kind of livelihood.
誕生(たん-じょう) = birth-life
Birth, Born and more.
往生(おう-じょう) = go-life
Death or Give up.
・Kun-yomi
生 = Nama
Raw, or it also means Immature.
生放送(なま-ほうそう)
→ Live streaming
生意気(なま-いき)
→ Cheeky. Behaving a cheeky.
生きる = I-kiru
Live, or state of being Active.
わたし は この まち で 生きる。
→ I live in this town.
生む = U-mu
Born, or Make a new things or Begin new situation.
はは が こども を 生む
→ A mother gives birth to a child.
あたらしい がいねん を 生む
→ Generate new concepts.
生える(Ha-eru)
Glow, or extends from the inside to the outside.
あめ の あと、 くさ が 生える
→ Atfer the rain, the grass grows.
Japan has a history of several thousand years. Within Japanese culture, Kanji has evolved in its own way, and developed unique reading sound each other. It may give you a headache morally, but try to your best to read it. Please note that these idiom not read separation actually.
・生垣(いけ-がき) = Ike-Gaki
Hedge.
・生地(き-じ) = Ki-Ji
Material of cloth or ingredients for cooking and so on.
・芝生(しば-ふ) = Shiba-Fu
Lawn.
・生憎(あい-にく) = Ai-Niku
Unfortunately. Want to something to do, but be in an inconvenient situation.
・弥生(やよ-い) = Yayo-I
March of the calendar.
・生業(なり-わい) = Nari-Wai
The work for make a living.
・壬生(み-ぶ) = Mi-Bu
It is a town name in Tochigi preficter.
・桐生(き-りゅう) = Ki-Ryu
One of the Japanese family name.
this Kanji is known as the Yakuza’s game character name.
・羽生(は-ぶ or は-にゅう)
One of the Japanese family name.
Sometime, there are multiple ways to read it.
・生命(Inochi)
This original reading is “Sei-Mei(Life)”, but where it is read like this in novels or more.
Even Japanese people feel Kanji difficult
There are still a lot of readings of “生”! However, for the sake of the foreigners who are trying hard to learn Japanese, I will refrain from cramming too much into the page. If you have a desire to know more, why not actually visit Japan?
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